Ventilator



May 15, 1928. 1,669,722-

. C. T. MILLER A Patented May l5, 1.928.

UNITED STATES CHARLES fr. Minnen, or sioux CITY, IOWA.

1,669,122 PATENTNOFFICE.

VEN TIL ATOR.

Application filed March 31,1927. Serial No. 179,882..

My invention relates to ventilators and cupolas and hasfor ltsobject to provide a ventilator of a. very much cheaper construction than any heretoforedevised. I

Afurther object o the invention is to provide a `ventilator having such cheapness of construction whichv 1s also ofsimple rand durable construction Y The invention is carried out generally by doing'awayfwith all brackets ordinarily used 1n connectlng `the hood of the ventilator to the base and forming the hoodand bracket integrallyof a single square sheet of metal r whereby there is no waste whatever in forming `the hood. y

A further Objectis to provide a construction of extremerigidity that a. much lighter metal may be used, than is Iordinarily *found necessary in ventilators.

Anotherobject of the invention is to provideA a ventilator which may be composed of a lurality of superimposedhoods which may n readily disassembled and nestedptogether for shippingV purposes.

A further object of the invention is to provide a ventilator giving a maximum exhaust s arrangement for any direction of wind travel.

With these and other objects in view, my

. invention4 consists infthe construction, ar-

rangement 4and combination of the various parts ofy my device, whereby the ob'ects contemplated `are attained, as hereina ter more `fully setforth, pointed out in my claim, and `illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

in which:`

Fig. lis a side elevation of one form of my invention.

Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the f same.

y Fig; 3 isa l`perspective view of another form of the invention.

Fig. 4-is a vertical, sectional View of the Same, taken. on the lined-4 of F1g. 3.

Fig. 5 is a View of the blank used in making the base.

Fig. 6 shows `the blank for Vthe ho0d,and

Y Fig.: 7 shows theblank for an intermediate In carrying out `myhavention, a ,base` A is formed of a single oblong sheet ,of metal `10, shown in Fig. 5,0of length substantially( three and onehalf times its width, so that,

when curved to ormthe base A, the diameter of the ybase will be substantially the same as its height. The ends are riveted or bolted together,fas kati-11.

v21 formed between-'the bends 18p.

The hood B is formed of a single square sheet of metal, shown in Fig', and since the sheet is square, it may be cut without leaving4 any scrap of material. The hoods B and C,vin theform of invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4, are vformed in identical,`

`1nanner to the hood B of the other form of the device, with the exception otra circular opening 13, in the hood C. i

The blank for the hood C is shown in Fig. 7; Each hood is` formed by bending along two pairs of lines 111` parallel to the respectiveside. edges of the blank 12 and equidistant from those edges. The side edges of the blank 12 are thus divided into the outeredge portions 15 and central edge.

portions 16 and the lines of bending divide themselves by crossing each other `into the outer portions 17 and the inner portions 18. These same numbers .will be used in referring to the `bends or cornersproducedin. vthe metal of the inished hood.

' It may now be noted that the corners of the blank are collapsed inwardly between the line portions 17 at each corner of the blank, thereby forming a bend 19 in the Vopposite direction to the `bends 17 and forming the triangulary areas 20.

The metal adjacent the bend 19 is to serve asa `bracket for securing` the hood tothe 'base A and to thisqend the bends 19 are puted as the square root ofk twice the square of y,the external radius of the base A, that is,

square walls 22 and the top wall 21.4 The hood is secured to the base A by means of ystone bolts 23, extended through thebends 19 and through the. wall .of the base. A very rigid construction. is thereby secured, the entire walls 20 serving as brackets formed integrally withthe. inclined walls 22 and the upper `walls 21.` The metal used in the construction of a hood, according to my inven-y lines 14 of each pair, the-distance is coin kThus there will be` formed a hood, vhaving 4 the triangular side walls `20, the sloping tion, may be made much-lighter than the metal used in constructing the ordinary hood of equal size and capacity. The bracket portions of the hood serve to stiften the base against collapsing, rather than the base serving to position the brackets. as in the ordinary ventilator.

rlibe slope of the walls 22 will be 45", since the bends 17 and the edges 15 are necessarily ot equal length, no matter what the spacing between the lines 14 will be, and thereby form` together with the bends 19, right angle triangles of which the bends 19 are the hypotenuses. Consequently', a ventilator may be made with either one or several hoods, the same exhaust capacity obtained by spacing the single hood higher above the base than the spacing between the double hoods of Figs. 3 and et and the increased height may be taken care of by using a larger blank of materal and spacing the lines 14 closer together in proportion to the dimensions ot" the blank, thereby increasing the length ot the bends 19 in proportion to the width ot the walls QQ, the slope of the walls in any` case being 45",

Thus, vin figuring thc dimensions of the ventilator hood, the distance between the lines 14 will be determined, as hereinbefore described, by reference to the diameter of the base A and the length of the lilies 19 will be determined by the height to which the hood is to be raised above the base, which in turn will be determined by the diameter ot the base and the number of hood sections employed. In the single hood ventilator, shown in Fig. 1, the distance from the upper walls 21 to the upper edge ot the base A is made approximately the same as the diameter ot' the base, whereas, in the double type ventilator, the distance from the upper hood to the upper edge of the base is the same as in thc single hood type and the distance from the upper points of the intermediate hood C to the upper edge of the base is one-haltl of this amount. lt has been t'ound that the exhaust area ot the ventilator thus obtained will be approximately twice the area of the base. The exhaust arrangement thus referred to is the sum ot' all the open areas between the walls ot the hood and the upper edge ot the base. It a wind is blowing transversely to the axis of the ventilator and in the direction ot two opposed ports of the hood, the ventilator will exhaust from three of the ports. 1f a wind is blowing at an angle ot 450 to the direction just mentioned and transversely of the axis of the ventilator. it will enter two ot the ports and yleave the other two. In this case, the actual exhaust area will be one-half the potential area or the same as the area of the base.

lt a wind is blowing downwardly, there will be a suction produced, tending to draw the air from all ot the ports. 1t will be noted in the form shown in Fig. 5l that the upper hood is secured to the lower hood by bolts 23". ly removing the bolts Q3 and 52S, the hoods in either type may be nested together around the base so as to occupy substantially halt of the original volume of the ventilator.

'lhe :ulvantagc of using the intermediate hood C lies partly in strength and part-ly in the aided protection against downwardly directed currents, The advantage of the type of construction employed, lies in the cheapness, the simplicity in assembling, the extreme rigidity, and the lack of waste material. A further advantage lies in the fact that the hood may be produced without a special die by first bending the kblank upon the lines 14, then straightening it and bending it completely from the corner to corner, to form the lines 19, then again bringing it approximately to its original plane, the creases remaining, however, sufficiently to allow the ready formation of the hood by inward pressure against the portions 2O in the proper direction. Thus ventilators may be built to order without the use of special machinery and without any greatl expense in time ot' the workman, since the operation in every case is the same and the computing of dimensions is reduced to a very simple formula, the elements ot which vary only slightly for various ratios between the height and width of the completed hood. The construction shown in Fig. 1 will be employed chietiy for chimney tops while the construction shown in Fig. 3 is more adapt able as a larger ventilator for buildings and the like. I have found that the ventilator may be, produced at substantially onehalt the cost ot the cheapest ventilator now on the market'. Only twelve bolts are required in the 'form shown in Fig. 3, and eight or possibly tour. in the form shown in Fig. 1. Only three sheets of material need be employed for the form shown in Fig. 3.

Due to the absence of brackets, there is no opportunity for a bird to build a nest within the ventilator and the inclined walls make it ditlcult for a bird to find lodging upon the ventilator. The wind from any direction will only increase the draft of the ventilator.

Some changes may be made in the con struction and arrangement of the parts of my invention without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claim, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents, which may be rea sonably included within its scope.

I claim as my invention:

A ventilator comprising a cylindrical, tubular base and a. one-piece hood, formed ofa square sheet of material, bent upon crossed pairs of lines parallel to the respective side each other and fastening elements secured edges of the blank and diagonal lines jointhrough said last mentioned bends and the ing the Corners of the blank with the cross- Wall of the base. 10 ing points of said first mentioned lines, the Signed this 28th day of March, 1927, at bends of said diagonal lines being collapsed Sioux City, in the county of Woodbury inwardly to positions perpendicular to the and State of Iowa.

original plane of the blank and parallel to CHARLES T. MILLER. 

